diff --git a/crates/stdlib/src/array.rs b/crates/stdlib/src/array.rs
index 34dec6f8356..15a64c6d99c 100644
--- a/crates/stdlib/src/array.rs
+++ b/crates/stdlib/src/array.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ mod array {
                 SaturatedSlice, SequenceIndex, SequenceIndexOp, SliceableSequenceMutOp,
                 SliceableSequenceOp,
             },
-            stdlib::warnings,
+            stdlib::_warnings,
             types::{
                 AsBuffer, AsMapping, AsSequence, Comparable, Constructor, IterNext, Iterable,
                 PyComparisonOp, Representable, SelfIter,
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ mod array {
             }
 
             if spec == 'u' {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     "The 'u' type code is deprecated and will be removed in Python 3.16".to_owned(),
                     1,
diff --git a/crates/stdlib/src/faulthandler.rs b/crates/stdlib/src/faulthandler.rs
index e717a68e55d..9c4373c312e 100644
--- a/crates/stdlib/src/faulthandler.rs
+++ b/crates/stdlib/src/faulthandler.rs
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ mod decl {
         // Get all threads' frame stacks from the shared registry
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         {
-            let current_tid = rustpython_vm::stdlib::thread::get_ident();
+            let current_tid = rustpython_vm::stdlib::_thread::get_ident();
             let registry = vm.state.thread_frames.lock();
 
             // First dump non-current threads, then current thread last
diff --git a/crates/stdlib/src/fcntl.rs b/crates/stdlib/src/fcntl.rs
index 407a2dfd6b3..0f75a09ba0f 100644
--- a/crates/stdlib/src/fcntl.rs
+++ b/crates/stdlib/src/fcntl.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ mod fcntl {
         PyResult, VirtualMachine,
         builtins::PyIntRef,
         function::{ArgMemoryBuffer, ArgStrOrBytesLike, Either, OptionalArg},
-        stdlib::io,
+        stdlib::_io,
     };
 
     // TODO: supply these from <asm-generic/fnctl.h> (please file an issue/PR upstream):
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ mod fcntl {
 
     #[pyfunction]
     fn fcntl(
-        io::Fildes(fd): io::Fildes,
+        _io::Fildes(fd): _io::Fildes,
         cmd: i32,
         arg: OptionalArg<Either<ArgStrOrBytesLike, PyIntRef>>,
         vm: &VirtualMachine,
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ mod fcntl {
 
     #[pyfunction]
     fn ioctl(
-        io::Fildes(fd): io::Fildes,
+        _io::Fildes(fd): _io::Fildes,
         request: i64,
         arg: OptionalArg<Either<Either<ArgMemoryBuffer, ArgStrOrBytesLike>, i32>>,
         mutate_flag: OptionalArg<bool>,
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ mod fcntl {
     // XXX: at the time of writing, wasi and redox don't have the necessary constants/function
     #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "wasi", target_os = "redox")))]
     #[pyfunction]
-    fn flock(io::Fildes(fd): io::Fildes, operation: i32, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult {
+    fn flock(_io::Fildes(fd): _io::Fildes, operation: i32, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult {
         let ret = unsafe { libc::flock(fd, operation) };
         // TODO: add support for platforms that don't have a builtin `flock` syscall
         if ret < 0 {
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ mod fcntl {
     #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "wasi", target_os = "redox")))]
     #[pyfunction]
     fn lockf(
-        io::Fildes(fd): io::Fildes,
+        _io::Fildes(fd): _io::Fildes,
         cmd: i32,
         len: OptionalArg<PyIntRef>,
         start: OptionalArg<PyIntRef>,
diff --git a/crates/stdlib/src/select.rs b/crates/stdlib/src/select.rs
index aeb2271735b..b52144247f7 100644
--- a/crates/stdlib/src/select.rs
+++ b/crates/stdlib/src/select.rs
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ mod decl {
             common::lock::PyMutex,
             convert::{IntoPyException, ToPyObject},
             function::OptionalArg,
-            stdlib::io::Fildes,
+            stdlib::_io::Fildes,
         };
         use core::{convert::TryFrom, time::Duration};
         use libc::pollfd;
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ mod decl {
             common::lock::{PyRwLock, PyRwLockReadGuard},
             convert::{IntoPyException, ToPyObject},
             function::OptionalArg,
-            stdlib::io::Fildes,
+            stdlib::_io::Fildes,
             types::Constructor,
         };
         use core::ops::Deref;
diff --git a/crates/stdlib/src/ssl.rs b/crates/stdlib/src/ssl.rs
index e7a2de0b1ea..399c703faa9 100644
--- a/crates/stdlib/src/ssl.rs
+++ b/crates/stdlib/src/ssl.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ mod _ssl {
             function::{
                 ArgBytesLike, ArgMemoryBuffer, Either, FuncArgs, OptionalArg, PyComparisonValue,
             },
-            stdlib::warnings,
+            stdlib::_warnings,
             types::{Comparable, Constructor, Hashable, PyComparisonOp, Representable},
         },
     };
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ mod _ssl {
 
             // Warn if any deprecated options are being newly set
             if (set & opt_no) != 0 {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     "ssl.OP_NO_SSL*/ssl.OP_NO_TLS* options are deprecated".to_owned(),
                     2, // stack_level = 2
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/builtins/complex.rs b/crates/vm/src/builtins/complex.rs
index 182962a4b2e..b3425d2aac1 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/builtins/complex.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/builtins/complex.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use crate::{
     convert::{IntoPyException, ToPyObject, ToPyResult},
     function::{FuncArgs, OptionalArg, PyComparisonValue},
     protocol::PyNumberMethods,
-    stdlib::warnings,
+    stdlib::_warnings,
     types::{AsNumber, Comparable, Constructor, Hashable, PyComparisonOp, Representable},
 };
 use core::cell::Cell;
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl PyObjectRef {
 
             let ret_class = result.class().to_owned();
             if let Some(ret) = result.downcast_ref::<PyComplex>() {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     format!(
                         "__complex__ returned non-complex (type {ret_class}).  \
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/builtins/genericalias.rs b/crates/vm/src/builtins/genericalias.rs
index ecb8728b915..1564229d186 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/builtins/genericalias.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/builtins/genericalias.rs
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ pub fn subscript_generic(type_params: PyObjectRef, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyRes
         PyTuple::new_ref(vec![type_params], &vm.ctx)
     };
 
-    let args = crate::stdlib::typing::unpack_typevartuples(&params, vm)?;
+    let args = crate::stdlib::_typing::unpack_typevartuples(&params, vm)?;
 
     generic_alias_class.call((generic_type, args.to_pyobject(vm)), vm)
 }
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/builtins/tuple.rs b/crates/vm/src/builtins/tuple.rs
index e1dc1ef306b..623f7144796 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/builtins/tuple.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/builtins/tuple.rs
@@ -108,7 +108,9 @@ impl PyPayload for PyTuple {
 
     #[inline]
     unsafe fn freelist_push(obj: *mut PyObject) -> bool {
-        let len = unsafe { &*(obj as *const crate::Py<PyTuple>) }.elements.len();
+        let len = unsafe { &*(obj as *const crate::Py<PyTuple>) }
+            .elements
+            .len();
         if len == 0 || len > TupleFreeList::MAX_SAVE_SIZE {
             return false;
         }
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/builtins/union.rs b/crates/vm/src/builtins/union.rs
index a8fc41151ae..0f7ce123721 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/builtins/union.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/builtins/union.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{
     convert::ToPyObject,
     function::PyComparisonValue,
     protocol::{PyMappingMethods, PyNumberMethods},
-    stdlib::typing::{TypeAliasType, call_typing_func_object},
+    stdlib::_typing::{TypeAliasType, call_typing_func_object},
     types::{AsMapping, AsNumber, Comparable, GetAttr, Hashable, PyComparisonOp, Representable},
 };
 use alloc::fmt;
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/frame.rs b/crates/vm/src/frame.rs
index 7aea8927663..5dad43ea822 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/frame.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/frame.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use crate::{
     protocol::{PyIter, PyIterReturn},
     scope::Scope,
     sliceable::SliceableSequenceOp,
-    stdlib::{builtins, sys::monitoring, typing},
+    stdlib::{_typing, builtins, sys::monitoring},
     types::{PyComparisonOp, PyTypeFlags},
     vm::{Context, PyMethod},
 };
@@ -9134,19 +9134,19 @@ impl ExecutingFrame<'_> {
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction1::TypeVar => {
                 let type_var: PyObjectRef =
-                    typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg.clone(), vm.ctx.none(), vm.ctx.none())
+                    _typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg.clone(), vm.ctx.none(), vm.ctx.none())
                         .into_ref(&vm.ctx)
                         .into();
                 Ok(type_var)
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction1::ParamSpec => {
-                let param_spec: PyObjectRef = typing::ParamSpec::new(arg.clone(), vm)
+                let param_spec: PyObjectRef = _typing::ParamSpec::new(arg.clone(), vm)
                     .into_ref(&vm.ctx)
                     .into();
                 Ok(param_spec)
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction1::TypeVarTuple => {
-                let type_var_tuple: PyObjectRef = typing::TypeVarTuple::new(arg.clone(), vm)
+                let type_var_tuple: PyObjectRef = _typing::TypeVarTuple::new(arg.clone(), vm)
                     .into_ref(&vm.ctx)
                     .into();
                 Ok(type_var_tuple)
@@ -9179,7 +9179,7 @@ impl ExecutingFrame<'_> {
                 let name = name
                     .downcast::<crate::builtins::PyStr>()
                     .map_err(|_| vm.new_type_error("TypeAliasType name must be a string"))?;
-                let type_alias = typing::TypeAliasType::new(name, type_params, compute_value);
+                let type_alias = _typing::TypeAliasType::new(name, type_params, compute_value);
                 Ok(type_alias.into_ref(&vm.ctx).into())
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction1::ListToTuple => {
@@ -9225,7 +9225,7 @@ impl ExecutingFrame<'_> {
     ) -> PyResult {
         match func {
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction2::SetTypeparamDefault => {
-                crate::stdlib::typing::set_typeparam_default(arg1, arg2, vm)
+                crate::stdlib::_typing::set_typeparam_default(arg1, arg2, vm)
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction2::SetFunctionTypeParams => {
                 // arg1 is the function, arg2 is the type params tuple
@@ -9235,14 +9235,14 @@ impl ExecutingFrame<'_> {
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction2::TypeVarWithBound => {
                 let type_var: PyObjectRef =
-                    typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg1.clone(), arg2, vm.ctx.none())
+                    _typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg1.clone(), arg2, vm.ctx.none())
                         .into_ref(&vm.ctx)
                         .into();
                 Ok(type_var)
             }
             bytecode::IntrinsicFunction2::TypeVarWithConstraint => {
                 let type_var: PyObjectRef =
-                    typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg1.clone(), vm.ctx.none(), arg2)
+                    _typing::TypeVar::new(vm, arg1.clone(), vm.ctx.none(), arg2)
                         .into_ref(&vm.ctx)
                         .into();
                 Ok(type_var)
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/ospath.rs b/crates/vm/src/ospath.rs
index 00195460ea3..d3123a87acb 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/ospath.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/ospath.rs
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ impl PathConverter {
                 .class()
                 .is(crate::builtins::bool_::PyBool::static_type())
             {
-                crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.runtime_warning,
                     "bool is used as a file descriptor".to_owned(),
                     1,
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/protocol/number.rs b/crates/vm/src/protocol/number.rs
index 542afce2c6c..36dbd5b8843 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/protocol/number.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/protocol/number.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::{
     common::int::{BytesToIntError, bytes_to_int},
     function::ArgBytesLike,
     object::{Traverse, TraverseFn},
-    stdlib::warnings,
+    stdlib::_warnings,
 };
 
 pub type PyNumberUnaryFunc<R = PyObjectRef> = fn(PyNumber<'_>, &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<R>;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl PyObject {
         } else if let Some(i) = self.number().int(vm).or_else(|| self.try_index_opt(vm)) {
             i
         } else if let Ok(Some(f)) = vm.get_special_method(self, identifier!(vm, __trunc__)) {
-            warnings::warn(
+            _warnings::warn(
                 vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                 "The delegation of int() to __trunc__ is deprecated.".to_owned(),
                 1,
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ impl PyNumber<'_> {
 
             let ret_class = ret.class().to_owned();
             if let Some(ret) = ret.downcast_ref::<PyInt>() {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     format!(
                         "__int__ returned non-int (type {ret_class}).  \
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ impl PyNumber<'_> {
 
             let ret_class = ret.class().to_owned();
             if let Some(ret) = ret.downcast_ref::<PyInt>() {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     format!(
                         "__index__ returned non-int (type {ret_class}).  \
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ impl PyNumber<'_> {
 
             let ret_class = ret.class().to_owned();
             if let Some(ret) = ret.downcast_ref::<PyFloat>() {
-                warnings::warn(
+                _warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                     format!(
                         "__float__ returned non-float (type {ret_class}).  \
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/signal.rs b/crates/vm/src/signal.rs
index 177ba06b84d..3caf8cb8e30 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/signal.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/signal.rs
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ pub fn assert_in_range(signum: i32, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<()> {
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "host_env"))]
 pub fn set_interrupt_ex(signum: i32, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<()> {
-    use crate::stdlib::signal::_signal::{SIG_DFL, SIG_IGN, run_signal};
+    use crate::stdlib::_signal::_signal::{SIG_DFL, SIG_IGN, run_signal};
     assert_in_range(signum, vm)?;
 
     match signum as usize {
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast.rs
index 008c919479a..73819e257c1 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ pub(crate) use python::_ast::module_def;
 mod pyast;
 
 use crate::builtins::{PyInt, PyStr};
-use crate::stdlib::ast::module::{Mod, ModFunctionType, ModInteractive};
-use crate::stdlib::ast::node::BoxedSlice;
+use crate::stdlib::_ast::module::{Mod, ModFunctionType, ModInteractive};
+use crate::stdlib::_ast::node::BoxedSlice;
 use crate::{
     AsObject, Context, Py, PyObject, PyObjectRef, PyPayload, PyRef, PyRefExact, PyResult,
     TryFromObject, VirtualMachine,
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/argument.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/argument.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/argument.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/argument.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/basic.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/basic.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/basic.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/basic.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/constant.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/constant.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/constant.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/constant.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/elif_else_clause.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/elif_else_clause.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/elif_else_clause.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/elif_else_clause.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/exception.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/exception.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/exception.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/exception.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/expression.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/expression.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/expression.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/expression.rs
index b18968e3c1c..cbc47dde9fb 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/expression.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/expression.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::stdlib::ast::{
+use crate::stdlib::_ast::{
     argument::{merge_function_call_arguments, split_function_call_arguments},
     constant::Constant,
     string::JoinedStr,
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/module.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/module.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/module.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/module.rs
index cfedba606b0..b4c2468d33b 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/module.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/module.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::stdlib::ast::type_ignore::TypeIgnore;
+use crate::stdlib::_ast::type_ignore::TypeIgnore;
 use rustpython_compiler_core::SourceFile;
 
 /// Represents the different types of Python module structures.
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/node.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/node.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/node.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/node.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/operator.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/operator.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/operator.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/operator.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/other.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/other.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/other.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/other.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/parameter.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/parameter.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/parameter.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/parameter.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/pattern.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/pattern.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/pattern.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/pattern.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/pyast.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/pyast.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/pyast.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/pyast.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/python.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/python.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/python.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/python.rs
index 5744c50e4ea..5c97d759934 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/python.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/python.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ pub(crate) mod _ast {
         class::{PyClassImpl, StaticType},
         common::wtf8::Wtf8,
         function::{FuncArgs, KwArgs, PyMethodDef, PyMethodFlags},
-        stdlib::ast::repr,
+        stdlib::_ast::repr,
         types::{Constructor, Initializer},
         warn,
     };
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/repr.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/repr.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/repr.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/repr.rs
index 47fceb2386e..2897447fbec 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/repr.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/repr.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::{
     AsObject, PyObjectRef, PyResult, VirtualMachine,
     builtins::{PyList, PyTuple},
     class::PyClassImpl,
-    stdlib::ast::NodeAst,
+    stdlib::_ast::NodeAst,
 };
 use rustpython_common::wtf8::Wtf8Buf;
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/statement.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/statement.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/statement.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/statement.rs
index 6eca073a4bb..cda34da40a3 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/statement.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/statement.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::stdlib::ast::argument::{merge_class_def_args, split_class_def_args};
+use crate::stdlib::_ast::argument::{merge_class_def_args, split_class_def_args};
 use rustpython_compiler_core::SourceFile;
 
 // sum
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/string.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/string.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/string.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/string.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/type_ignore.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/type_ignore.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/type_ignore.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/type_ignore.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/type_parameters.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/type_parameters.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/type_parameters.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/type_parameters.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/validate.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/validate.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ast/validate.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ast/validate.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/codecs.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_codecs.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/codecs.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_codecs.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/collections.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_collections.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/collections.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_collections.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/array.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/array.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/array.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/array.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/base.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/base.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/base.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/base.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/function.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/function.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/function.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/function.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/library.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/library.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/library.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/library.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/pointer.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/pointer.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/pointer.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/pointer.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/simple.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/simple.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/simple.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/simple.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/structure.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/structure.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/structure.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/structure.rs
index b009443e4ea..c9ab9205601 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/structure.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/structure.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use crate::builtins::{PyList, PyStr, PyTuple, PyType, PyTypeRef, PyUtf8Str};
 use crate::convert::ToPyObject;
 use crate::function::{FuncArgs, OptionalArg, PySetterValue};
 use crate::protocol::{BufferDescriptor, PyBuffer, PyNumberMethods};
-use crate::stdlib::warnings;
+use crate::stdlib::_warnings;
 use crate::types::{AsBuffer, AsNumber, Constructor, Initializer, SetAttr};
 use crate::{AsObject, Py, PyObjectRef, PyPayload, PyResult, VirtualMachine};
 use alloc::borrow::Cow;
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ impl PyCStructType {
                     cls.name(),
                     base_type_name,
                 );
-                warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm)?;
+                _warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm)?;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/union.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/union.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/union.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/union.rs
index bc595d35e4c..c1882141e98 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/ctypes/union.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_ctypes/union.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use crate::builtins::{PyList, PyStr, PyTuple, PyType, PyTypeRef, PyUtf8Str};
 use crate::convert::ToPyObject;
 use crate::function::{ArgBytesLike, FuncArgs, OptionalArg, PySetterValue};
 use crate::protocol::{BufferDescriptor, PyBuffer};
-use crate::stdlib::warnings;
+use crate::stdlib::_warnings;
 use crate::types::{AsBuffer, Constructor, Initializer, SetAttr};
 use crate::{AsObject, Py, PyObjectRef, PyPayload, PyResult, VirtualMachine};
 use alloc::borrow::Cow;
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ impl PyCUnionType {
                      Python 3.19.",
                     cls.name(),
                 );
-                warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm)?;
+                _warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm)?;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/functools.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_functools.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/functools.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_functools.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/imp.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_imp.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/imp.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_imp.rs
index 66ce5239cd2..c0acb304a64 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/imp.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_imp.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pub use crate::vm::resolve_frozen_alias;
 #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
 #[pymodule(sub)]
 mod lock {
-    use crate::{PyResult, VirtualMachine, stdlib::thread::RawRMutex};
+    use crate::{PyResult, VirtualMachine, stdlib::_thread::RawRMutex};
 
     static IMP_LOCK: RawRMutex = RawRMutex::INIT;
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/io.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_io.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/io.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_io.rs
index dadde9e8e32..c238dda3725 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/io.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_io.rs
@@ -5122,7 +5122,7 @@ mod _io {
 
         // Warn if line buffering is requested in binary mode
         if opts.buffering == 1 && matches!(mode.encode, EncodeMode::Bytes) {
-            crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+            crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                 vm.ctx.exceptions.runtime_warning,
                 "line buffering (buffering=1) isn't supported in binary mode, the default buffer size will be used".to_owned(),
                 1,
@@ -5248,7 +5248,7 @@ mod _io {
                     }
                 }
                 let stacklevel = usize::try_from(stacklevel).unwrap_or(0);
-                crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.encoding_warning,
                     "'encoding' argument not specified".to_owned(),
                     stacklevel,
@@ -5488,7 +5488,7 @@ mod fileio {
             let name = args.name;
             // Check if bool is used as file descriptor
             if name.class().is(vm.ctx.types.bool_type) {
-                crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.runtime_warning,
                     "bool is used as a file descriptor".to_owned(),
                     1,
@@ -5958,7 +5958,7 @@ mod fileio {
                     .repr(vm)
                     .map(|s| s.as_wtf8().to_owned())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|_| Wtf8Buf::from("<file>"));
-                if let Err(e) = crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                if let Err(e) = crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.resource_warning,
                     format!("unclosed file {repr}"),
                     1,
@@ -6197,7 +6197,7 @@ mod winconsoleio {
 
             // Warn if bool is used as file descriptor
             if nameobj.class().is(vm.ctx.types.bool_type) {
-                crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.runtime_warning,
                     "bool is used as a file descriptor".to_owned(),
                     1,
@@ -6511,7 +6511,7 @@ mod winconsoleio {
                     .repr(vm)
                     .map(|s| s.as_wtf8().to_owned())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|_| Wtf8Buf::from("<file>"));
-                if let Err(e) = crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                if let Err(e) = crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.resource_warning,
                     format!("unclosed file {repr}"),
                     1,
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/operator.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_operator.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/operator.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_operator.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/signal.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_signal.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/signal.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_signal.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sre.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sre.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/sre.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sre.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/stat.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_stat.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/stat.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_stat.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/string.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_string.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/string.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_string.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/symtable.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_symtable.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/symtable.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_symtable.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sysconfig.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sysconfig.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/sysconfig.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sysconfig.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sysconfigdata.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sysconfigdata.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/sysconfigdata.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_sysconfigdata.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/thread.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_thread.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/thread.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_thread.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/typing.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_typing.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/typing.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_typing.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/warnings.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_warnings.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/warnings.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_warnings.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/weakref.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_weakref.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/vm/src/stdlib/weakref.rs
rename to crates/vm/src/stdlib/_weakref.rs
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_winapi.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_winapi.rs
index 9f3650b37a2..f7d9d0e703f 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_winapi.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/_winapi.rs
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@ mod _winapi {
 
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         let sigint_event = {
-            let is_main = crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident() == vm.state.main_thread_ident.load();
+            let is_main = crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident() == vm.state.main_thread_ident.load();
             if is_main {
                 let handle = crate::signal::get_sigint_event().unwrap_or_else(|| {
                     let handle = unsafe { WinCreateEventW(null(), 1, 0, null()) };
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/builtins.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/builtins.rs
index c145c5f8a41..9f306554661 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/builtins.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/builtins.rs
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ mod builtins {
         }
         #[cfg(feature = "ast")]
         {
-            use crate::{class::PyClassImpl, stdlib::ast};
+            use crate::{class::PyClassImpl, stdlib::_ast};
 
             let feature_version = feature_version_from_arg(args._feature_version, vm)?;
 
@@ -277,10 +277,10 @@ mod builtins {
 
             if args
                 .source
-                .fast_isinstance(&ast::NodeAst::make_static_type())
+                .fast_isinstance(&_ast::NodeAst::make_static_type())
             {
                 let flags: i32 = args.flags.map_or(Ok(0), |v| v.try_to_primitive(vm))?;
-                let is_ast_only = !(flags & ast::PY_CF_ONLY_AST).is_zero();
+                let is_ast_only = !(flags & _ast::PY_CF_ONLY_AST).is_zero();
 
                 // func_type mode requires PyCF_ONLY_AST
                 if mode_str == "func_type" && !is_ast_only {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ mod builtins {
 
                 // compile(ast_node, ..., PyCF_ONLY_AST) returns the AST after validation
                 if is_ast_only {
-                    let (expected_type, expected_name) = ast::mode_type_and_name(mode_str)
+                    let (expected_type, expected_name) = _ast::mode_type_and_name(mode_str)
                         .ok_or_else(|| {
                             vm.new_value_error(
                                 "compile() mode must be 'exec', 'eval', 'single' or 'func_type'",
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ mod builtins {
                             args.source.class().name()
                         )));
                     }
-                    ast::validate_ast_object(vm, args.source.clone())?;
+                    _ast::validate_ast_object(vm, args.source.clone())?;
                     return Ok(args.source);
                 }
 
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ mod builtins {
                     let mode = mode_str
                         .parse::<crate::compiler::Mode>()
                         .map_err(|err| vm.new_value_error(err.to_string()))?;
-                    return ast::compile(
+                    return _ast::compile(
                         vm,
                         args.source,
                         &args.filename.to_string_lossy(),
@@ -346,16 +346,16 @@ mod builtins {
 
                 let flags = args.flags.map_or(Ok(0), |v| v.try_to_primitive(vm))?;
 
-                if !(flags & !ast::PY_COMPILE_FLAGS_MASK).is_zero() {
+                if !(flags & !_ast::PY_COMPILE_FLAGS_MASK).is_zero() {
                     return Err(vm.new_value_error("compile() unrecognized flags"));
                 }
 
-                let allow_incomplete = !(flags & ast::PY_CF_ALLOW_INCOMPLETE_INPUT).is_zero();
-                let type_comments = !(flags & ast::PY_CF_TYPE_COMMENTS).is_zero();
+                let allow_incomplete = !(flags & _ast::PY_CF_ALLOW_INCOMPLETE_INPUT).is_zero();
+                let type_comments = !(flags & _ast::PY_CF_TYPE_COMMENTS).is_zero();
 
                 let optimize_level = optimize;
 
-                if (flags & ast::PY_CF_ONLY_AST).is_zero() {
+                if (flags & _ast::PY_CF_ONLY_AST).is_zero() {
                     #[cfg(not(feature = "compiler"))]
                     {
                         Err(vm.new_value_error(CODEGEN_NOT_SUPPORTED.to_owned()))
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ mod builtins {
                             let mode = mode_str
                                 .parse::<parser::Mode>()
                                 .map_err(|err| vm.new_value_error(err.to_string()))?;
-                            let _ = ast::parse(
+                            let _ = _ast::parse(
                                 vm,
                                 source,
                                 mode,
@@ -398,14 +398,14 @@ mod builtins {
                     }
                 } else {
                     if mode_str == "func_type" {
-                        return ast::parse_func_type(vm, source, optimize_level, feature_version)
+                        return _ast::parse_func_type(vm, source, optimize_level, feature_version)
                             .map_err(|e| (e, Some(source), allow_incomplete).to_pyexception(vm));
                     }
 
                     let mode = mode_str
                         .parse::<parser::Mode>()
                         .map_err(|err| vm.new_value_error(err.to_string()))?;
-                    let parsed = ast::parse(
+                    let parsed = _ast::parse(
                         vm,
                         source,
                         mode,
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ mod builtins {
                     .map_err(|e| (e, Some(source), allow_incomplete).to_pyexception(vm))?;
 
                     if mode_str == "single" {
-                        return ast::wrap_interactive(vm, parsed);
+                        return _ast::wrap_interactive(vm, parsed);
                     }
 
                     Ok(parsed)
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/mod.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/mod.rs
index f4f266bf161..42514c46dda 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/mod.rs
@@ -1,35 +1,31 @@
 mod _abc;
-mod _types;
 #[cfg(feature = "ast")]
-pub(crate) mod ast;
+pub(crate) mod _ast;
+mod _codecs;
+mod _collections;
+mod _functools;
+mod _imp;
+pub mod _io;
+mod _operator;
+mod _sre;
+mod _stat;
+mod _string;
+#[cfg(feature = "compiler")]
+mod _symtable;
+mod _sysconfig;
+mod _sysconfigdata;
+mod _types;
+pub mod _typing;
+pub mod _warnings;
+mod _weakref;
 pub mod atexit;
 pub mod builtins;
-mod codecs;
-mod collections;
 pub mod errno;
-mod functools;
 mod gc;
-mod imp;
-pub mod io;
 mod itertools;
 mod marshal;
-mod operator;
-// TODO: maybe make this an extension module, if we ever get those
-// mod re;
-mod sre;
-mod stat;
-mod string;
-#[cfg(feature = "compiler")]
-mod symtable;
-mod sysconfig;
-mod sysconfigdata;
-#[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-pub mod thread;
 pub mod time;
 mod typevar;
-pub mod typing;
-pub mod warnings;
-mod weakref;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "host_env")]
 #[macro_use]
@@ -47,7 +43,7 @@ pub mod posix;
     any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos", target_os = "windows"),
     not(any(target_env = "musl", target_env = "sgx"))
 ))]
-mod ctypes;
+mod _ctypes;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
 pub(crate) mod msvcrt;
 
@@ -58,10 +54,12 @@ pub(crate) mod msvcrt;
 ))]
 mod pwd;
 
+#[cfg(feature = "host_env")]
+pub(crate) mod _signal;
+#[cfg(feature = "threading")]
+pub mod _thread;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
 mod _wmi;
-#[cfg(feature = "host_env")]
-pub(crate) mod signal;
 pub mod sys;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
 #[path = "_winapi.rs"]
@@ -83,28 +81,28 @@ pub fn builtin_module_defs(ctx: &Context) -> Vec<&'static PyModuleDef> {
         _abc::module_def(ctx),
         _types::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(feature = "ast")]
-        ast::module_def(ctx),
+        _ast::module_def(ctx),
         atexit::module_def(ctx),
-        codecs::module_def(ctx),
-        collections::module_def(ctx),
+        _codecs::module_def(ctx),
+        _collections::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(
             feature = "host_env",
             any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos", target_os = "windows"),
             not(any(target_env = "musl", target_env = "sgx"))
         ))]
-        ctypes::module_def(ctx),
+        _ctypes::module_def(ctx),
         errno::module_def(ctx),
-        functools::module_def(ctx),
+        _functools::module_def(ctx),
         gc::module_def(ctx),
-        imp::module_def(ctx),
-        io::module_def(ctx),
+        _imp::module_def(ctx),
+        _io::module_def(ctx),
         itertools::module_def(ctx),
         marshal::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
         msvcrt::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
         nt::module_def(ctx),
-        operator::module_def(ctx),
+        _operator::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", any(unix, target_os = "wasi")))]
         posix::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", not(any(unix, windows, target_os = "wasi"))))]
@@ -116,20 +114,20 @@ pub fn builtin_module_defs(ctx: &Context) -> Vec<&'static PyModuleDef> {
         ))]
         pwd::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(feature = "host_env")]
-        signal::module_def(ctx),
-        sre::module_def(ctx),
-        stat::module_def(ctx),
-        string::module_def(ctx),
+        _signal::module_def(ctx),
+        _sre::module_def(ctx),
+        _stat::module_def(ctx),
+        _string::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(feature = "compiler")]
-        symtable::module_def(ctx),
-        sysconfigdata::module_def(ctx),
-        sysconfig::module_def(ctx),
+        _symtable::module_def(ctx),
+        _sysconfigdata::module_def(ctx),
+        _sysconfig::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-        thread::module_def(ctx),
+        _thread::module_def(ctx),
         time::module_def(ctx),
-        typing::module_def(ctx),
-        warnings::module_def(ctx),
-        weakref::module_def(ctx),
+        _typing::module_def(ctx),
+        _warnings::module_def(ctx),
+        _weakref::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
         winapi::module_def(ctx),
         #[cfg(all(feature = "host_env", windows))]
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/os.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/os.rs
index d297f7e0fbc..03c5e33de76 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/os.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/os.rs
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ pub(crate) fn warn_if_bool_fd(obj: &PyObjectRef, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResul
         .class()
         .is(crate::builtins::bool_::PyBool::static_type())
     {
-        crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+        crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
             vm.ctx.exceptions.runtime_warning,
             "bool is used as a file descriptor".to_owned(),
             1,
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ pub(super) mod _os {
         fn del(zelf: &Py<Self>, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<()> {
             // Emit ResourceWarning if the iterator is not yet exhausted/closed
             if zelf.entries.read().is_some() {
-                let _ = crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                let _ = crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.resource_warning,
                     format!("unclosed scandir iterator {:?}", zelf.as_object()),
                     1,
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ pub(super) mod _os {
     impl Destructor for ScandirIteratorFd {
         fn del(zelf: &Py<Self>, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<()> {
             if zelf.dir.lock().is_some() {
-                let _ = crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(
+                let _ = crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(
                     vm.ctx.exceptions.resource_warning,
                     format!("unclosed scandir iterator {:?}", zelf.as_object()),
                     1,
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/posix.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/posix.rs
index 0deb22d6488..8cde18a47ba 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/posix.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/posix.rs
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ pub mod module {
         run_at_forkers(before_forkers, true, vm);
 
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-        crate::stdlib::imp::acquire_imp_lock_for_fork();
+        crate::stdlib::_imp::acquire_imp_lock_for_fork();
 
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         vm.state.stop_the_world.stop_the_world(vm);
@@ -790,12 +790,12 @@ pub mod module {
         // held by dead parent threads, causing deadlocks on any IO in the child.
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         unsafe {
-            crate::stdlib::io::reinit_std_streams_after_fork(vm)
+            crate::stdlib::_io::reinit_std_streams_after_fork(vm)
         };
 
         // Phase 2: Reset low-level atomic state (no locks needed).
         crate::signal::clear_after_fork();
-        crate::stdlib::signal::_signal::clear_wakeup_fd_after_fork();
+        crate::stdlib::_signal::_signal::clear_wakeup_fd_after_fork();
 
         // Reset weakref stripe locks that may have been held during fork.
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
@@ -804,13 +804,13 @@ pub mod module {
         // Phase 3: Clean up thread state. Locks are now reinit'd so we can
         // acquire them normally instead of using try_lock().
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-        crate::stdlib::thread::after_fork_child(vm);
+        crate::stdlib::_thread::after_fork_child(vm);
 
         // CPython parity: reinit import lock ownership metadata in child
         // and release the lock acquired by PyOS_BeforeFork().
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         unsafe {
-            crate::stdlib::imp::after_fork_child_imp_lock_release()
+            crate::stdlib::_imp::after_fork_child_imp_lock_release()
         };
 
         // Initialize signal handlers for the child's main thread.
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ pub mod module {
             crate::gc_state::gc_state().reinit_after_fork();
 
             // Import lock (RawReentrantMutex<RawMutex, RawThreadId>)
-            crate::stdlib::imp::reinit_imp_lock_after_fork();
+            crate::stdlib::_imp::reinit_imp_lock_after_fork();
         }
     }
 
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ pub mod module {
         vm.state.stop_the_world.start_the_world(vm);
 
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-        crate::stdlib::imp::release_imp_lock_after_fork_parent();
+        crate::stdlib::_imp::release_imp_lock_after_fork_parent();
 
         let after_forkers_parent: Vec<PyObjectRef> = vm.state.after_forkers_parent.lock().clone();
         run_at_forkers(after_forkers_parent, false, vm);
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ pub mod module {
             // Match PyErr_WarnFormat(..., stacklevel=1) in CPython.
             // Best effort: ignore failures like CPython does in this path.
             let _ =
-                crate::stdlib::warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm);
+                crate::stdlib::_warnings::warn(vm.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning, msg, 1, vm);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sys.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sys.rs
index 40ff2eb25b8..33325c9dc60 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sys.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/sys.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ mod sys {
         convert::ToPyObject,
         frame::{Frame, FrameRef},
         function::{FuncArgs, KwArgs, OptionalArg, PosArgs},
-        stdlib::{builtins, warnings::warn},
+        stdlib::{_warnings::warn, builtins},
         types::PyStructSequence,
         version,
         vm::{Settings, VirtualMachine},
@@ -1037,7 +1037,7 @@ mod sys {
     #[pyfunction]
     fn _current_frames(vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyResult<PyDictRef> {
         use crate::AsObject;
-        use crate::stdlib::thread::get_all_current_frames;
+        use crate::stdlib::_thread::get_all_current_frames;
 
         let frames = get_all_current_frames(vm);
         let dict = vm.ctx.new_dict();
@@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ mod sys {
     #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
     impl ThreadInfoData {
         const INFO: Self = Self {
-            name: crate::stdlib::thread::_thread::PYTHREAD_NAME,
+            name: crate::stdlib::_thread::_thread::PYTHREAD_NAME,
             // As I know, there's only way to use lock as "Mutex" in Rust
             // with satisfying python document spec.
             lock: Some("mutex+cond"),
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/typevar.rs b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/typevar.rs
index 0993d466e74..b28fad21bd7 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/stdlib/typevar.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/stdlib/typevar.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pub(crate) mod typevar {
         common::lock::PyMutex,
         function::{FuncArgs, PyComparisonValue},
         protocol::PyNumberMethods,
-        stdlib::typing::{call_typing_func_object, decl::const_evaluator_alloc},
+        stdlib::_typing::{call_typing_func_object, decl::const_evaluator_alloc},
         types::{AsNumber, Comparable, Constructor, Iterable, PyComparisonOp, Representable},
     };
 
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/types/zoo.rs b/crates/vm/src/types/zoo.rs
index a9999211680..0394f672cf8 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/types/zoo.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/types/zoo.rs
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ impl TypeZoo {
             weakproxy_type: weakproxy::PyWeakProxy::init_builtin_type(),
             method_descriptor_type: descriptor::PyMethodDescriptor::init_builtin_type(),
             none_type: singletons::PyNone::init_builtin_type(),
-            typing_no_default_type: crate::stdlib::typing::NoDefault::init_builtin_type(),
+            typing_no_default_type: crate::stdlib::_typing::NoDefault::init_builtin_type(),
             not_implemented_type: singletons::PyNotImplemented::init_builtin_type(),
             generic_alias_type: genericalias::PyGenericAlias::init_builtin_type(),
             generic_alias_iterator_type: genericalias::PyGenericAliasIterator::init_builtin_type(),
@@ -265,6 +265,6 @@ impl TypeZoo {
         interpolation::init(context);
         template::init(context);
         descriptor::init(context);
-        crate::stdlib::typing::init(context);
+        crate::stdlib::_typing::init(context);
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/vm/context.rs b/crates/vm/src/vm/context.rs
index dfd8829549f..767d100bff4 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/vm/context.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/vm/context.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub struct Context {
     pub ellipsis: PyRef<PyEllipsis>,
     pub not_implemented: PyRef<PyNotImplemented>,
 
-    pub typing_no_default: PyRef<crate::stdlib::typing::NoDefault>,
+    pub typing_no_default: PyRef<crate::stdlib::_typing::NoDefault>,
 
     pub types: TypeZoo,
     pub exceptions: exceptions::ExceptionZoo,
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ impl Context {
         let not_implemented = create_object(PyNotImplemented, PyNotImplemented::static_type());
 
         let typing_no_default = create_object(
-            crate::stdlib::typing::NoDefault,
-            crate::stdlib::typing::NoDefault::static_type(),
+            crate::stdlib::_typing::NoDefault,
+            crate::stdlib::_typing::NoDefault::static_type(),
         );
 
         let int_cache_pool = Self::INT_CACHE_POOL_RANGE
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/vm/mod.rs b/crates/vm/src/vm/mod.rs
index 72899016675..e2af043d619 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/vm/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/vm/mod.rs
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ impl StopTheWorldState {
     ///    to self-suspend in `check_signals`.
     pub fn stop_the_world(&self, vm: &VirtualMachine) {
         let start = std::time::Instant::now();
-        let requester_ident = crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident();
+        let requester_ident = crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident();
         self.requester.store(requester_ident, Ordering::Relaxed);
         self.stats_stop_calls.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
         let initial_countdown = self.init_thread_countdown(vm);
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ pub(super) fn stw_trace(msg: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) {
         let _ = writeln!(
             &mut out,
             "[rp-stw tid={}] {}",
-            crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident(),
+            crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident(),
             msg
         );
         unsafe {
@@ -604,13 +604,13 @@ pub struct PyGlobalState {
     pub main_thread_ident: AtomicCell<u64>,
     /// Registry of all threads' slots for sys._current_frames() and sys._current_exceptions()
     #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-    pub thread_frames: parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<u64, stdlib::thread::CurrentFrameSlot>>,
+    pub thread_frames: parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<u64, stdlib::_thread::CurrentFrameSlot>>,
     /// Registry of all ThreadHandles for fork cleanup
     #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-    pub thread_handles: parking_lot::Mutex<Vec<stdlib::thread::HandleEntry>>,
+    pub thread_handles: parking_lot::Mutex<Vec<stdlib::_thread::HandleEntry>>,
     /// Registry for non-daemon threads that need to be joined at shutdown
     #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-    pub shutdown_handles: parking_lot::Mutex<Vec<stdlib::thread::ShutdownEntry>>,
+    pub shutdown_handles: parking_lot::Mutex<Vec<stdlib::_thread::ShutdownEntry>>,
     /// sys.monitoring state (tool names, events, callbacks)
     pub monitoring: PyMutex<stdlib::sys::monitoring::MonitoringState>,
     /// Fast-path mask: OR of all tools' events. 0 means no monitoring overhead.
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
     pub(crate) fn is_main_thread(&self) -> bool {
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
         {
-            crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident() == self.state.main_thread_ident.load()
+            crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident() == self.state.main_thread_ident.load()
         }
         #[cfg(not(feature = "threading"))]
         {
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
 
         // Initialize main thread ident before any threading operations
         #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
-        stdlib::thread::init_main_thread_ident(self);
+        stdlib::_thread::init_main_thread_ident(self);
 
         stdlib::builtins::init_module(self, &self.builtins);
         let callable_cache_init = self.init_callable_cache();
@@ -904,10 +904,10 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
                 let make_stdio = |name: &str, fd: i32, write: bool| -> PyResult<PyObjectRef> {
                     let buffered_stdio = self.state.config.settings.buffered_stdio;
                     let unbuffered = write && !buffered_stdio;
-                    let buf = crate::stdlib::io::open(
+                    let buf = crate::stdlib::_io::open(
                         self.ctx.new_int(fd).into(),
                         Some(if write { "wb" } else { "rb" }),
-                        crate::stdlib::io::OpenArgs {
+                        crate::stdlib::_io::OpenArgs {
                             buffering: if unbuffered { 0 } else { -1 },
                             closefd: false,
                             ..Default::default()
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/vm/thread.rs b/crates/vm/src/vm/thread.rs
index 13addacd516..e7cc64f00b4 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/vm/thread.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/vm/thread.rs
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ pub fn enter_vm<R>(vm: &VirtualMachine, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
 fn init_thread_slot_if_needed(vm: &VirtualMachine) {
     CURRENT_THREAD_SLOT.with(|slot| {
         if slot.borrow().is_none() {
-            let thread_id = crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident();
+            let thread_id = crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident();
             let mut registry = vm.state.thread_frames.lock();
             let new_slot = Arc::new(ThreadSlot {
                 frames: parking_lot::Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ pub fn get_all_current_exceptions(vm: &VirtualMachine) -> Vec<(u64, Option<PyBas
 /// Cleanup thread slot for the current thread. Called at thread exit.
 #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
 pub fn cleanup_current_thread_frames(vm: &VirtualMachine) {
-    let thread_id = crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident();
+    let thread_id = crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident();
     let current_slot = CURRENT_THREAD_SLOT.with(|slot| slot.borrow().as_ref().cloned());
 
     // A dying thread should not remain logically ATTACHED while its
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ pub fn cleanup_current_thread_frames(vm: &VirtualMachine) {
 /// VmState locks to unlocked.
 #[cfg(feature = "threading")]
 pub fn reinit_frame_slot_after_fork(vm: &VirtualMachine) {
-    let current_ident = crate::stdlib::thread::get_ident();
+    let current_ident = crate::stdlib::_thread::get_ident();
     let current_frames: Vec<FramePtr> = vm.frames.borrow().clone();
     let new_slot = Arc::new(ThreadSlot {
         frames: parking_lot::Mutex::new(current_frames),
diff --git a/crates/vm/src/vm/vm_ops.rs b/crates/vm/src/vm/vm_ops.rs
index 1a362d67bed..d5c70f87386 100644
--- a/crates/vm/src/vm/vm_ops.rs
+++ b/crates/vm/src/vm/vm_ops.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::VirtualMachine;
-use crate::stdlib::warnings;
+use crate::stdlib::_warnings;
 use crate::{
     PyRef,
     builtins::{PyInt, PyStr, PyStrRef, PyUtf8Str},
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
             This returns the bitwise inversion of the underlying int object and is usually not what you expect from negating a bool. \
             Use the 'not' operator for boolean negation or ~int(x) if you really want the bitwise inversion of the underlying int.";
         if a.fast_isinstance(self.ctx.types.bool_type) {
-            warnings::warn(
+            _warnings::warn(
                 self.ctx.exceptions.deprecation_warning,
                 STR.to_owned(),
                 1,